Instrument for drawing, marking out, and measuring or like purposes



April 24, 1928. 1,666,934

A. E. HAYWOOD INSTRUMENT FOR DRAWING; MARKING OUT, AND MEASURING 0R LIKE PURPOSES File d Dec. 17, 1925 Patented Apr. 24, 1928.

[ UNITED, STATES. PAT Nro F cE.

, ALBERT nnwARnHAYwoon, or COVENTRY, ENGLAND.

INSTRUMENT ron DRAWING, MARKING our, AND mnastmrNe on LIKE PURPOSES.

' Application filed December 17 1925, Striallio. 75,972, and'in Great Britain December 17, 1924.

This invention relates to instruments for drawing, marking out, and measuring or like purposes, and its prmolpal ob ect is to provide a simple and relatively inexpensive appliance which is suitable for use in the workshop, drawing ofiice, technical class, elementary school, or the like, and is adapted to perform numerous operations, each of .which would ordinarily require a different 19 instrument.

According to this'invention an instrument for drawing, marking out and measuring, or like pur oses com rises a beamcompass or' adjustable tramme ated rule, atravelling slide thereon,/and a plurality of interchangeable fittings engage'able with the rule and with the slide adaptedfor scribing, internal and externalv measurements or the like, and adapted at' their acting parts some to extend in the plane of the rule and others transversely; thereto and automatically to register respectively with the zero end thereof and With-the index line of the travelling slide.

The interchangeable fittings may include callip'er arms or. jaws for both inside and outside measurements, with vernier and with or without micrometer adjustments for the slide of the ftrammel. 1 1

39,. In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate a preferred method of carryingout theinvention,

Figure 1 is a perspectiveview showing the j accuracy, and s constituted in the known instrument arranged as an adjustable tram-, mel, but also having, mounted upon it the:

adjustable arm and a'fitme'nt for using the platteraas-a depth gauge, Y s

' F igure -2 is afragmentary; perspective view of the rule provided with calliperjaws.

Fig. 3 "is a sectional view of the slide showing the manner of; at achment of the sliding block. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of a micrometer" adjustment for the movable slide. y

In carrying out the invention, a fiat rule 1 with a graduated edge 2 is provided with a continuous lengthwise slot 8 extending nearly to its ends. Preferably the 'sidesof the slot are bevelled or undercut, and between them fits a sliding block 4 of a thickness slightly less than that'of the rule. A slide 5 having an engagement at 6 withone edgeof the;

rule' to'be guided thereby is adapted to be clamped inany position along the rule by means of a bolt 7 having a milled-edge nut.

This .bblfi'egrtends trom the block, 4:, which,

constituted a gradunot be the zero of its scale) is fixeda block at ornear the latters mid.

when the bolt is tightened, is drawnsecurely against the undercut sides of the slot 3,thus holding the slide 5 securely.

The slide 5 carrles any usual trammel tachment, vsuch as the pointed rod 8, by

means'of-asuitable-support or hollow pillar Q'perpendicular to thevface of the rule, and the *pillarmay behlnged at its base to lie flat onthe slide whenjnot required, or, as shown, it maybe Cflll'ld by a plate 10-havmg a stem 11 adapted to be clamped by means of the screw 12 in the block 13 se% cured on the slide.

At the end of the rule (which may or may 14 similar'to' the block 13, and into this can' be clamped, by the screw 15, the stemvll of another plate lQ carrying a pillar 9 and pointed rod 8.

The location of the pillar 9 on the relatively fixed platelO is such that thepoint of the rod is broughtexactly to the zero: of the scale, whilst the point of the rod on the nations of the rule, sothat a desired radius of-dimensions'can immediately be obtained.

The foregoing parts constitute the beam compass or adjustable trammel, and a vernier scale can be provided at the edge 16, as

shown. Alsoa micrometer adjustment can 2 movable slide to permit a, higher degree of manner by the auxiliary slide 17 with a clamping devicelS andmicrometer screw 19. connectingitwithftheslide 5;

Combined with the 1113111 111161. is an aux.- iliary rulejor straight, edgeQO forming the adjustable arm previously mentioned, which is clamped to the v length, and-so arranged that the straight edge canmove lengthwise or be swung angularly about the clamping screw. are provided at various anglestransversely' Inclined graduations 22 of the edge of therule jl, so that this straight edge can be adjusted to any desired angle forming thereby either a square, or a protraetor, or an adjustable bevel. Furthermore the straight edge, narrow, can beusedas a depth gauge, and for this purpose its edge may, if preferred, he graduated. The-straight edge may be provided with a long slot23 through which the clamping screw 21 extends, or 7 other which is preferably be combined in anyusual manner with the v I 1 rule by a screw 21 located such as and 25, Figure 2.

essee);

known means may be adopted to allow of its endw'ise movement. When not in use this straight edge is adapted to lie lengthwise along the rule clear of the slot 3, and clear also of the slide 5 which carries the movable ,trannnel point or other fitment.

The holes provided in the blocks 13 and lilto recei'uethe stems 11 of thetrammel parts are also adapted to carry calhper jaws These are so arranged that their acting faces 26 register respectively with the zeros of the rule land the vernier scale on the slide 5. These jaws are interchangeable to provide outside and inside callipers, and in each position zero registration is obtained. Instead of the stem 11,-the jaws may be providedwith blocks 27 carrying bolts 28 atla iited to extend "through holes 29in the blocks 13 and l t par 1 to the edge of the rule. There is then less risk of rocking of the aws, as they can be drawn tightly against the blocks by means of nuts 30. Also if preferred a lockable nut on the bolt 28 could be'sunk partially in a recess in the block 13 or 14, and

would serve as an adjustment device to compens-ate wear of the acting faces of the jaws. This lock nut is not shown, but is a well 'known expedient.

A locking device is illustrated only in Figure 1 and comprises a fork 45 adapted to admit thebolt andhaving intur-ned pins 46 which engage a collar or a nut 47 on the head of the bolt and are of cam shape, so

that when the fork is turned down against the scale or other part, they exert an axial thrust on the collar acting to tighten the bolt, and when the fork is'erect, as shown,

they free "the collar and thus slacken the bolt. This fork is adapted to lie in a long recess in the limb beneath the slide and is only hinged up therefrom about its cam faces when it is desired to slacken the bolt;

An important feature is that the scriber can be slidably mounted either in the rule or in the slot-ted straight edge, preferably by providing it'with a hollow pillar, such as -9 F igure 1), and, being endwise adjustable and clampable therein by a known arrangement as at 48 (Figure 1), is adapted to operate with equal accuracy either on a flat or a recessed surface. The tool as thus arranged can also be used for drawing lines tangentially to a circular piece of work and for marking outthe sides of polygonal fig ures by suitably adjusting the angle of the straight edge, and .by sliding the Jillar carrying the scriber along the straight edge or the rule 1 by the means there shown.

A further device relates to the use of the instrument as a depth gauge. Considerable inaccuracy arises if the depthing device is not kept perpendicular (i. e. parallel with the axis of the'hole), and-therefore to prevent rocking o-f-the straight edge which carseribcr or rice the depthing device, a loose :block 49 (Figure 1.), preferably inthe form of a right angled triangle, is adapted to engage the face of the rule, providing thereby a base 50 at the edge of the rule and giving" the latter a greater degree of support and ensuring the requisite accuracy of location. Preferably this. block has a pro ection on the face (not vlsible 1n the drawing) which vmitcncls into the slot 3 in the rule and a .turnbutton mounted on the projecting part and pivoted at 51 passes completely through the slot, and when turned transversely to 1t,

locks the block securely, preferably by a suitable cam action of the face of the turnbutton;

lV-it-h reference to the calliper jaws 24 and action forkthe slide '5 may take place between one edge of the rule and one edge of the slot so that the accuracy of the Vernier readings will be ensured by the slide always co-opcrating with the edge of the rule.

l/Vhen vusingthe tool as a height gauge,uand to enable it to :he guided along theedge of the work, pins 59 may be providediatthe extremities of one or both of the limbs of the base on its underside to engage the work or the edgeof a marking-off table or equiva lent part. These pins -can be slidably mounted in the base so that they "can be 7 pushed in flush when not required.

very simple and compact form of instrument is provided which can be eitherconstructed From the foregoingit will be seen that a with a: moderate degree of accuracy for use in elementary sch0ols,:or'can have 1a. high degree of" accuracy imparted to it so that it may be used in drawingioflices or onlthe marking out tables of fitting and erecting workshops. As will be seen, it is of simple construction, 7 compact in form and adapted to perform a great number of operations for which separatetools are usually required. 5

The modifications and auxiliary parts de scribed adapt it to deal Lwith work "having recesses, pro-jections or irregular faces. Furthcrmore, van important feature is that by ts use no compensations or allowances are necessary in the scale readings, whether the nstrument is used for ins de, outside or other work.

I am aware that a combination tool has previously been proposed in the form of a beam compass comprising a longitudinally slotted graduated rule, a point pivoted at oneend of the rule and adapted to :be clamped as desired, and a vertical member having a transverse slot through which the rule slidably extended, adapted to act as a centre punch or as one leg of a pair of compasses. This slotted rule also carried transverse to itself a skeleton member adjustable longitudinally, transversely, or in conjunction With'a protractor, angularly of the rule, and it was provided at one end with a longitudinal fixed spike and with an end'wise ad justable transverse spike, a detachable longitudinal leg being provided at the other end.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is i g Y 1. An instrument assembly of the type described, comprising a graduated rule having a longitudinal slot therein, one side of the rule defining said slot being undercut,

a slide carrying a block sliding in said slot,

ling slide a portion of said slide extending under the undercut side of the rule,and means penetrating said slide and said block whereby the ALBERT EDWARD HAYWOOD. 

